{"id":2070,"date":"2021-12-22T16:53:32","date_gmt":"2021-12-22T16:53:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pszich.u-szeged.hu\/impulzus\/?page_id=2070"},"modified":"2021-12-22T16:53:32","modified_gmt":"2021-12-22T16:53:32","slug":"politikai-pszichiatria-a-szocialista-magyarorszagon","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/?page_id=2070","title":{"rendered":"Politikai pszichi\u00e1tria a szocialista Magyarorsz\u00e1gon"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"pdf-icon\"<\/a>S\u00fck\u00f6sd Anik\u00f3, Bodor P\u00e9ter<\/strong>
\nELTE Szociol\u00f3giai Doktori Iskola, ELTE Szociol\u00f3gia Int\u00e9zet<\/p>\n

Jelen tanulm\u00e1nyunkban, azon vizsg\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1saink eredm\u00e9nyeir\u0151l sz\u00e1molunk be, amelyek a pszichi\u00e1tria gyakorlat\u00e1nak egy saj\u00e1tos vet\u00fclet\u00e9re ir\u00e1nyulnak: a politikai pszichi\u00e1tria magyarorsz\u00e1gi m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9re az \u00e1llamszocializmus id\u0151szak\u00e1ban. Els\u0151k\u00e9nt sz\u00e1mba vessz\u00fck, hogy mi tette, s mindm\u00e1ig mi teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9 azt, hogy a diktat\u00f3rikus hatalmak ig\u00e1ba hajts\u00e1k \u00e9s szolg\u00e1latukba \u00e1ll\u00edts\u00e1k a pszichi\u00e1tri\u00e1t \u00e9s a klinikai pszichol\u00f3gi\u00e1t, mint szakm\u00e1t \u00e9s mint int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyt. Azaz, miben l\u00e1tjuk a pszichi\u00e1tria abban az \u00e9rtelemben vett sebezhet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t, hogy az aktu\u00e1lis a politikai hatalom eszk\u00f6z\u00e9v\u00e9 v\u00e1ljon, s milyen el\u0151ny\u00f6kkel j\u00e1r a pszichi\u00e1triai, pszichol\u00f3giai indokkal v\u00e9gzett \u201enormaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u201d a politikai hatalom sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Nem az antipszichi\u00e1ria (Szasz, 2001; Laing, 1990; Berkovits, Bodor \u00e9s Sik, 2017) \u00e1ltal haszn\u00e1lt, egyszerre \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos \u00e9s viszonylag kev\u00e9ss\u00e9 specifik\u00e1lt ideol\u00f3giai hatalomr\u00f3l lesz sz\u00f3. \u00c9s nem is a Foucault \u00e1ltal vizion\u00e1lt, s a t\u00e1rsadalom minden p\u00f3lus\u00e1t \u00e1that\u00f3 hatalom mikrofizik\u00e1j\u00e1r\u00f3l (Foucault, 2000), a fegyelmez\u0151 t\u00e1rsadalom orvosi-pszichol\u00f3giai regiszter\u00e9nek (Foucault, 1990) kritikai pszichol\u00f3gus Rose \u00e1ltal tov\u00e1bb artikul\u00e1lt kritik\u00e1j\u00e1r\u00f3l (Er\u0151s 2018). E helyett azon hagyom\u00e1nyos, mindennapi \u00e9rtelembe vett politikai hatalom pszichi\u00e1tri\u00e1ra gyakorolt hat\u00e1s\u00e1t vessz\u00fck szem\u00fcgyre, melyet az \u00e1llamg\u00e9pezet diktat\u00f3rikus ural\u00e1sa tesz lehet\u0151v\u00e9. Ezt k\u00f6vet\u0151en bemutatunk, illetve feleleven\u00edt\u00fcnk n\u00e9h\u00e1ny k\u00f6zismert \u00e9s kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 ismert pszichi\u00e1triai vonatkoz\u00e1s\u00fa magyarorsz\u00e1gi esetet, mellyel kapcsolatban \u00e1ll\u00e1spontunk szerint okkal felvet\u0151d\u00f6tt, hogy a politikai pszichi\u00e1tria k\u00f6r\u00e9be sorolhat\u00f3k. Ezut\u00e1n r\u00f6viden t\u00e1rgyaljuk azt a k\u00e9rd\u00e9st, hogy a politikai pszichi\u00e1tria szocializmus id\u0151szak\u00e1ban megt\u00f6rt\u00e9nt esetei kapcs\u00e1n mi t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt a rendszerv\u00e1lt\u00e1s ut\u00e1n Magyarorsz\u00e1gon. V\u00e9g\u00fcl r\u00f6viden kitekint\u00fcnk a k\u00ednai \u00e9s orosz hatalmi gyakorlatokra, k\u00e9t olyan orsz\u00e1gra, ahol a besz\u00e1mol\u00f3k szerint ma is elevenen \u00e9l a politikai pszichi\u00e1tria hagyom\u00e1nya. \u00d6sszegz\u00e9sk\u00e9ppen a politikai pszichi\u00e1tri\u00e1t, mint hat\u00e1s\u00e1ban komplex hatalmi eszk\u00f6zt jellemezz\u00fck, amely a m\u00faltban, \u00e9s transzgener\u00e1ci\u00f3s hat\u00e1s\u00e1ban feltehet\u0151en ma is jelen van a pszichi\u00e1triai \u00e9s pszichol\u00f3giai szakm\u00e1n bel\u00fcl \u00e9s k\u00edv\u00fcl.<\/p>\n

Kulcsszavak<\/strong>: k\u00e9nyszerpszichi\u00e1tria, \u00e1llamszocializmus, \u201enormalit\u00e1s\u201d<\/p>\n

[hr\/]<\/p>\n

English abstract<\/h3>\n

Political psychiatry in socialist Hungary<\/strong><\/p>\n

In the present study, we discuss the issue of political psychiatry in Hungary during the period of state socialism. First, we identify the vulnerability of psychiatry to political influence and attempt to specify its general reasons. Next, we describe a set of documented cases of political psychiatry in Hungary in the given period. Based on the fact that our archival research did not find any case that had not previously been identified by other sources and researchers we conclude that political psychiatry in socialist Hungary was a sporadic phenomenon as opposed to the institutionalized practice that was documented in the Soviet Union and China. Thus, its effect on actual and potential political dissidents was more indirect, i.e. deterring through threat rather than direct, i.e. doing away through incarceration. Finally, we look at the post-socialist \u201cmemory work\u201d, with regard to political psychiatry, and speculate that the lack of open dialogue on political psychiatry does not contribute to the healing of the transgenerational wound inflicted on the body of the psychiatric profession by political psychiatry. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

« Vissza a tartalomjegyz\u00e9khez<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00fck\u00f6sd Anik\u00f3, Bodor P\u00e9ter ELTE Szociol\u00f3giai Doktori Iskola, ELTE Szociol\u00f3gia Int\u00e9zet Jelen tanulm\u00e1nyunkban, azon vizsg\u00e1l\u00f3d\u00e1saink eredm\u00e9nyeir\u0151l sz\u00e1molunk be, amelyek a pszichi\u00e1tria gyakorlat\u00e1nak egy saj\u00e1tos vet\u00fclet\u00e9re ir\u00e1nyulnak: a politikai pszichi\u00e1tria magyarorsz\u00e1gi m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9re az \u00e1llamszocializmus id\u0151szak\u00e1ban. Els\u0151k\u00e9nt sz\u00e1mba vessz\u00fck, hogy mi tette, s mindm\u00e1ig mi teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9 azt, hogy a diktat\u00f3rikus hatalmak ig\u00e1ba hajts\u00e1k \u00e9s szolg\u00e1latukba \u00e1ll\u00edts\u00e1k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2045,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template_fullwidth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2070"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2070"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2071,"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2070\/revisions\/2071"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2045"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/impulzus-pszichologia.hu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}